Knowing the Who, What, Why, Where, When, and How empowers a designer to navigate the challenges of UX. User interviews helps us understand Who is the target audience, What is the problem, Why people make certain decisions, Where the potential could be, When could it be used, and How could it be used. However, I believe it's also more like a conversation rather than an interview. I've found myself discovering more information from a user when it's a natural dialogue and it creates a comfortable experience for the interview. I still outline a list of questions to guide the conversation so that we can make use of our limited time.

To conduct effective interviews/conversations, I plan ahead and use the following 5-steps to structure my questions:

1. Identify motives: Decide what you want to learn and brainstorm with team members who could provide some insight into the conversation.
2. Create answerable questions: Break down themes and generate all possible questions, refining them based on research objectives.
3. Avoid leading questions: Ensure questions don't suggest a preferred answer, aiming for honest responses.
4. Ask for examples or walkthroughs: Overcome difficulties in explaining feelings by prompting participants to share specific experiences.
5. Use open-ended questions: Avoid yes/no questions to encourage detailed and unbiased responses, increasing the likelihood of valuable feedback.